Muindasitiri yemafuta anonhuhwirira, hapana kutengeserana kwakananga kwezvigadzirwa zvinonhuhwirira pakati peChina neUnited States. Zvisinei, US inotenga chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa zvayo zvinonhuhwirira kubva kuAsia, vatengesi vekuAsia vachitora 40–55% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa kuUS zve benzene, paraxylene (PX), toluene, uye mixed xylenes. Mhedzisiro huru inoongororwa pazasi:
Benzene
China inonyanya kuvimba nekutenga benzene, South Korea ndiyo inonyanya kuitengesa. China neUS vese vatengi vemabenzene, pasina kutengeserana kwakananga pakati pavo, zvichideredza kukanganisa kwakananga kwemitero pamusika webenzene weChina. Muna 2024, zvinhu zvekuSouth Korea zvakaita 46% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvebenzene muUS. Sekureva kwedata reSouth Korean customs, South Korea yakatumira matani anopfuura 600,000 ebenzene kuUS muna 2024. Zvisinei, kubva mukota yechina 2023, hwindo rearbitrage pakati peSouth Korea neUS rakavhara, zvichiendesa mberi kuyerera kwebenzene muSouth Korea kuenda kuChina—mutengi mukuru webenzene muAsia uye musika une mitengo yakakwira—zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kumanikidzwa kweChina kupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Kana mitero yeUS ikaiswa pasina kusunungurwa kune benzene yakagadzirwa nepetroleum, zvinhu zvepasi rose zvakatanga kuendeswa kuUS zvinogona kutamira kuChina, zvichiramba zvichiwedzera kupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Kuburikidza neizvi, kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvinobva kubenzene (semuenzaniso, midziyo yemumba, machira) kunogona kutarisana nemhinduro dzakaipa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemitero.
Toluene
Kutengeswa kwetoluene neChina kwakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya kuSoutheast Asia neIndia, nekutengeserana kwakananga kushoma neUS. Zvisinei, US inotenga huwandu hwakawanda hwetoluene kubva kuAsia, kusanganisira matani 230,000 kubva kuSouth Korea muna 2024 (57% yehuwandu hwese hwetoluene inotengeswa kuUS). Mitero yeUS inogona kukanganisa kutengesa toluene neSouth Korea kuUS, zvichiwedzera kuwanda kweAsia uye kuwedzera makwikwi mumisika yakaita seSoutheast Asia neIndia, zvichigona kuderedza chikamu cheChina chekutumira kunze kwenyika.
Xylenes
China ichiri nyika inotengesa xylenes dzakasanganiswa, pasina kutengeserana zvakananga neUS. US inotenga xylenes dzakawanda, kunyanya kubva kuSouth Korea (57% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa kuUS pasi peHS code 27073000). Zvisinei, chigadzirwa ichi chiri murunyorwa rweUS rusingabhadharwe mitero, zvichideredza kukanganisa mabasa eArbitrage eAsia-US.
Styrene
US inyika inotengesera kunze styrene pasi rose, ichipa Mexico, South America, neEurope, zvinhu zvishoma zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika (210,000 metric tonnes muna 2024, zvinenge zvese zvichibva kuCanada). Musika we styrene muChina wakawandisa, uye mitemo yekurambidza kurasa marara yave ichivharira kutengeserana kwe styrene pakati peUS neChina kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, US inoronga kuisa mutero we25% paSouth Korean benzene, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera kuwanikwa kwe styrene muAsia. Panguva iyi, kutengeswa kwemidziyo yemumba inotengeswa kunze kwenyika ne styrene (semuenzaniso, ma air conditioner, mafiriji) kuChina kunotarisana nemitengo yakakwira yeUS (kusvika ~80%), zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya chikamu ichi. Saka, mutero weUS uchanyanya kukanganisa indasitiri ye styrene muChina kuburikidza nemitengo yakakwira uye kushomeka kwezvinodiwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
Paraxylene (PX)
China haitengesi PX kunze kwenyika uye inovimba zvakanyanya nezvinotengeswa kubva kuSouth Korea, Japan, neSoutheast Asia, pasina kutengeserana kwakananga neUS. Muna 2024, South Korea yakapa 22.5% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa neUS PX (300,000 metric tonnes, 6% yezvinhu zvese zvinotengeswa neSouth Korea). Mitero yeUS inogona kuderedza kuyerera kwePX yeSouth Korea kuenda kuUS, asi kunyangwe ikaendeswa kuChina, huwandu hwacho huchava nemhedzisiro shoma. Kazhinji, mitengo yeUS-China ichakanganisa zvishoma kuwanikwa kwePX asi inogona kumanikidza kutengeswa kwemachira nehembe zvisina kunanga.
"Mitero yeUS inodzokororwa" ichanyanya kugadzirisa kutengeserana kwepasi rose kwemafuta anonhuhwirira emahydrocarbon pane kukanganisa zvakananga kutengeserana kweChina neUS. Njodzi huru dzinosanganisira kuwanda kwezvinhu mumisika yeAsia, kukwikwidzana kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo dzekutengesera kunze kwenyika, uye kumanikidzwa kwakakwira kwezvinhu zvakapedzwa (semuenzaniso, midziyo, machira). Indasitiri yemafuta anonhuhwirira yeChina inofanira kufamba nenzira dzinodzokororwa uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekuda kwenyika.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2025