Musi wa2 Kubvumbi, 2025, Donald Trump akasaina mirairo miviri ye "reciprocal tariff" kuWhite House, achiisa 10% "minimum baseline tariff" kune vanodarika makumi mana vekutengeserana vanodzvinyirirwa neUS pakutengeserana. China yakatarisana ne34% tariff, iyo, pamwe chete ne20% rate iripo, ichave inosvika 54%. Musi wa7 Kubvumbi, US yakawedzera kusawirirana, ichityisidzira kuwedzera 50% tariff pazvinhu zveChina kutanga musi wa9 Kubvumbi. Kusanganisira kukwidzwa katatu kwemitengo yapfuura, kutengeswa kweChina kuUS kunogona kutarisana nemitero inosvika 104%. Mukupindura, China ichaisa 34% tariff pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kubva kuUS. Izvi zvichakanganisa sei indasitiri yemakemikari yemuno?
Zvichienderana nedata ra2024 pamusoro pezvinhu makumi maviri zvinonyanya kutengeswa kubva kuUS neChina, zvigadzirwa izvi zvinonyanya kuunganidzwa mupropane, polyethylene, ethylene glycol, gasi rechisikigo, mafuta asina kucheneswa, marasha, uye macatalysts—zvikurukuru zvinhu zvisina kucheneswa, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa pakutanga, uye macatalysts anoshandiswa mukugadzira makemikari. Pakati pazvo, saturated acyclic hydrocarbons uye liquefied propane zvinosvika 98.7% uye 59.3% yezvinhu zvinotengeswa kuUS, nehuwandu hunosvika matani 553,000 uye matani mamiriyoni 1.73, zvichiteerana. Kukosha kwekutengeswa kwepropane isina kucheneswa chete kwakasvika mabhiriyoni emadhora gumi nerimwe negumi nerimwe nerimwe. Kunyange zvazvo mafuta asina kucheneswa, gasi rechisikigo rine liquefied, uye coking coal zvinewo kukosha kwakakwirira kwekutengeswa, migove yazvo yese iri pasi pe10%, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutsiva zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari. Mitero yemitengo inogona kuwedzera mari yekupinza zvinhu uye kuderedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaita sepropane, zvichigona kukwidza mari yekugadzira uye kusimbisa kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvinobva pasi. Zvisinei, kukanganisa kuri kuitwa mafuta asina kucheneswa, gasi rechisikigo, uye marasha anogadzirwa nemafuta ekubikisa kunotarisirwa kuderera.
Kudivi rekutengesa kunze kwenyika, makemikari makumi maviri akanakisa akatengeswa kunze kwenyika neChina kuUS muna 2024 aive akawanda epurasitiki nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nazvo, mafuta ezvicherwa, mafuta ezvicherwa nezvigadzirwa zve distillation, makemikari eorganic, makemikari akasiyana-siyana, uye zvigadzirwa zverabha. Mapurasitiki ega ndiwo aive gumi nemaviri pazvinhu makumi maviri zvepamusoro, uye zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinokosha mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe nemakumi matanhatu nemapfumbamwe emadhora ($17.69 bhiriyoni). Mazhinji emakemikari anotengeswa kunze kwenyika anosvika kuUS anosvika pasi pe30% yehuwandu hwese hweChina, nemagirovhosi epolyvinyl chloride (PVC) ari iwo akakwira pa46.2%. Kugadziriswa kwemitero kunogona kukanganisa mapurasitiki, mafuta ezvicherwa, uye zvigadzirwa zverabha, uko China ine mugove wakakwira wekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Zvisinei, mashandiro emakambani eChina pasi rose anogona kubatsira kuderedza zvimwe zvezvicherwa zvemitero.
Zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwemitero, kusagadzikana kwemitemo kunogona kukanganisa kudiwa kwemakemikari uye mitengo yemamwe makemikari. Mumusika wekuAmerica wekutumira kunze kwenyika, mhando dzakakura dzakadai sezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki nematayi zvinogona kusangana nekumanikidzwa kukuru. Kune zvinhu zvinotengwa kubva kuUS, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sepropane uye saturated acyclic hydrocarbons, izvo zvinovimba zvakanyanya nevatengesi vekuAmerica, zvinogona kuona mhedzisiro inooneka pakugadzikana kwemitengo uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zviri pasi.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-18-2025