Polyurethane chinhu chakakosha chemakemikari zvinhu.Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanakisa uye kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana, inozivikanwa se "yechishanu yakakura plastiki".Kubva fenicha, zvipfeko, kune zvekufambisa, kuvaka, mitambo, uye aerospace uye nyika yekudzivirira kuvaka, iyo ubiquitous polyurethane zvinhu vamiriri vatsva vezvemakemikari matsva uye rutsigiro rwakakosha rwekuti nyika yangu ivake nyika ine simba.
Mushure memakore anopfuura makumi maviri ekukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwepolyurethane raw material industry, yaratidza shanduko kubva pavhoriyamu-kusvika-mhando shanduko.Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzira uye kugona kwekugadzira yeisocyanate yakave inotungamira munyika.Yakapinda munguva yekusimudzira tekinoroji yakapinda yemhando yepamusoro kusimudzira.Parizvino, China yave yakakura pasi rose polyurethane raw material uye chigadzirwa chekugadzirwa kwezvinhu, pamwe chete nenharaunda yakakwana mumunda we polyurethane application.
Sechinhu chakakosha chekuwedzera che polyurethane, polyurethane yekuwedzera maajenti zvinhu zvinogona kuita nekuita kweboka rinoshanda pamutsara wepolymer cheni kuti uwedzere ketani yemamorekuru uye kuwedzera huremu hwemamorekuru.Icho chinhu chakakosha mbishi kugadzirwa kweakawanda polyurethane zvigadzirwa.Mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepolurethane, maajenti ekuwedzera e polyurethane anogona kuita maitiro maviri emakemikari: kuwedzera uye kuyambuka-kubatanidza kuti iwane yakakwirira-kuita, yepamusoro-yemhando yepamusoro polyurethane kugadzirwa kwezvinhu, sekusimudzira kusimba, elasticity, uye kubvarura dhigirii rezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane, uye chiyero chekubvarura.Fizikisi uye kemikari yakazara kuita kwekudzivirira kwekushisa, kuramba kwemafuta, kuramba kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusagadzikana kwekuora.
一、 Basa uye kupatsanurwa kwe polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera mumiririri
Polyurethane yekuwedzera mumiriri inoreva iyo yakaderera mamorekuru amine uye doro makomisheni ane maviri anoshanda mapoka, ayo anogona kugadzira mutsara-mhando polymer kuburikidza neketani yekuwedzera maitiro.Nekushandisa akasiyana macheni ekuwedzera ejenti, kana kushandura cheni yekuwedzera fomula, maitiro emakemikari emitengo yakasiyana anowanikwa, uye zvinhu zve polyurethane zvine mashandiro akasiyana zvinodiwa zvinogadzirwa.
Basa re polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera maajenti mu polyurethane synthesis maitiro anonyanya kusanganisira:
(1) Polyurethane chain expansion agent ine hunhu boka (amino uye hydroxyl boka) rinogona kuita kemikari kuita ne isocyanate.Huremu hwemamorekuru uye huremu hwekuita hunogona kuita kuti iyo polyurethane reaction system ikurumidze kuwedzera kana kusimba, kugadzira mutsara une huremu hwakakura hwemamorekuru Iwo mamorekuru ane kuita kwepolymer.
(2) Akasiyana ketani ekuwedzera ane akasiyana reactivity.Nekushandisa akasiyana siyana emaketani ekuwedzera ekuwedzera uye dosi, gadzirisa iyo reactor viscosity, mamorekuru uye morphological zvimiro kuti zvienderane nekugadzirwa kwepolyurethane uye zvigadzirwa zvemasisitimu akasiyana uye zvinodiwa zvemhando.
(3) Yakasiyana polyurethane yekuwedzera maajenti anogona kupa polyurethane akasiyana zvivakwa, uye mamwe maitiro eboka ezvimiro mumaketani ekuwedzera mamorekuru anounzwa mucheni huru yepolyurethane, iyo inokanganisa mechanics uye kemikari yakazara kuita kwepolyurethane, senge simba uye abrasion kuramba, Anti. -defiring kuneta, kuramba tembiricha, kuramba mamiriro ekunze, mafuta kuramba, corrosion resistance, nezvimwe.
Polyurethane ekuwedzera agents anowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita amine, doro, uye doro.Kubva pakushandiswa kwemaitiro masisitimu uye maitiro ekuita, dilate uye diol inonyanya kuenderana nehurongwa hwekuita uye maitiro ekuita.Traditional dilate-type chain dilatation agents senge ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanol, uye imwe-shrinkable dihydramol, zvichingodaro, vane mashandiro mashoma kune zvigadzirwa zve polyurethane, uye zvakajairwa cheni dzekuwedzera.Iyo cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri nekuita kuri pachena kwe polyurethane zvinhu zvinonyanya mapoka maviri: anonhuwirira dihanramine uye anonhuwirira diol.Inonzi high-performance chain expansion agent.Iyo inoratidzirwa neyakaomarara benzene mhete.Simba, abrasion resistance, medium resistance uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Iyo inonhuhwirira diharamine yekuwedzera mumiriri haingori chinhu chakakosha chekuwedzera chekugadzira polyurethane elastic series zvinhu.Iyo yakanyanya kuwanda, yakaipisisa, uye yakakura yakakwira -performance polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera agent.
Yechinyakare yekudira polyurethane elastic miviri inowanzogadziriswa nembiri-nhanho tekinoroji, kureva, synthetic prematures, uyezve gadziriso ine cheni yekuwedzera maajenti ekusimbisa.Zvichienderana nerudzi rweisocyanate, prefabricated inogona kukamurwa kuita TDI uye MDI mhando.Kuenzaniswa neaviri, iyo TDI premature reaction activity yakaderera, uye inonyanya kuenzaniswa neamine chain expansion agents;MDI prefabricated reaction chiitiko chakakwira, uye iyo hydroxy-based chain yekuwedzera mumiriri ine yakaderera inoshanda hydroxyl -based chisimbiso.Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemamiriro ekushandiswa uye kuita kwechigadzirwa, zvinonyanya kukosha kusarudza yakakodzera cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri mushure mekusarudzwa mushure merudzi rweisocyanate.
二、Yakakwira -performance polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera chigadzirwa mhando uye maitiro ekushandisa
2.1 Iyo huru arammer dihan amine cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri
Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanakisa uye yemhando yepamusoro, iyo inonhuhwirira dihamine dilation agent ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye inonyanya kushandiswa cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri mu polyurethane elastic zvinhu.
Inowanzo shandiswa inonhuhwirira dianramine yekuwedzera mishonga inonyanya kusanganisira 3, 3'-dichlori-4, 4′-diodes (MOCA: mhando I, mhando Ⅱ, yakakwirira tembiricha kuramba, nezvimwewo), 1,3-propylene glycol Kaviri (4-amino benzoate ) (740m), 4,4′-sub-base-double (3-chlorine-2,6-diecene aniline) (M-CDEA), polyphamorethyl ether Diol maviri-pair aminbenzoate (P-1000, P-650, P -250, nezvimwewo), 3,5-mbiri ethylene torneramine (DETDA, inozivikanwawo seE-100), 3,5-diracle Sulfenylene (DMTDA, inozivikanwawo seE-300) uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.
Kutarisisa kwemaitiro ekushandisa uye kuvandudzwa kwezvakanyanya zvigadzirwa ndezvizvi:
Iyo MOCA cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri ndiyo yekutanga nyanzvi yepamusoro-yekuita cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri akadyarwa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri munyika yangu.Icho chimiro chakasimba pakupisa kwekamuri.Iyo ine hunhu hwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane zvinogona kushandiswa maererano nekuchengetedza uye nyore, izvo zvinogona kusangana nehunhu hweakasiyana zvirevo uye maumbirwo.Iyo elasticity ye polyurethanes yakakwira-kusimba, yakakwira-rebound, yakakwira -wear-resistant, hukasha kuramba, corrosion resistance uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakazara.Inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakakura.Iko kuita kwakazara kweanonhuhwirira dilate ekuwedzera maajenti.Kubva pakuvandudzwa kweDuPont muma1950, MOCA yakatora chinzvimbo chakakosha mumunda we polyurethane elasticity.Parizvino ndiyo yakakura kwazvo polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri.Izvo zvinotonyanya kukosha mumunda wekudira polyurethane elasticity.Parizvino, vagadziri veMOCA vanozivikanwa zvikuru muChina ndeiyi: Suzhou Xiangyuan New Materials Co., Ltd. (inotsigira Jiangsu Xiangyuan Chemical Company), Huaibei Xingguang New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Chongshun New Material Technology Co., Ltd. . Hua Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. (yaimbova Binhai Mingsheng Chemical Co., Ltd.), Chizhou Tianci High -tech Materials Co., Ltd., uyezve, kune Taiwan Shuangbang Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiwan Sanhuang Co. ., Ltd., uye Katshan Kohshan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd.
Mumakore achangopfuura, pasi pehutungamiriri hwemakambani eChinese, tekinoroji yekugadzira yeMOCA yakawedzera kufambira mberi.Semuyenzaniso, Xiangyuan Zvitsva Zvitsva zvinokunda dambudziko rehutano hwekushanda kwevashandi, kusvibiswa kwakakomba, uye kusagadzikana kwakakwana kwekugadzirwa kwepakati kwehydrogenation yehydrogenation yehydrogenation.Iyo inoenderera nzira inokonzeresa iyo hydrogen hydrogenation yepamusoro-purity acoustics uye MOCA maitiro ekugadzira, kuona otomatiki, yakavharirwa zvizere, yakasvibira kugadzirwa, kuona zvinonyungudutsa, guruva-isina, simba-kuchengetedza kushandiswa kuderedza uye zero emissions.Inoenderera mberi MOCA yekugadzira mudziyo yave inozivikanwa pasi rose chigadzirwa mugadziri we polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri.
Pamusoro pezvo, Xiangyuan Zvitsva Zvitsva zvakagadzirawo Xylink740M uye Xylink P akateedzana ekuwedzera maejenti, achiona maindasitiri eiyi nhevedzano yezvigadzirwa, kusimudzira vanogadzira zvinhu zve polyurethane kuvandudza mhando, kuderedza mitengo, uye kuwedzera maapplication.
2.2 Iyo huru inonhuhwirira diol dilateral yekuwedzera mumiririri
Anowanzo shandiswa anonhuwirira diol dilation agents anosanganisira phenyl-phenolic hydroxyl-based ether (HQEE), interciphenylbenols, hydroxyl ether (HER), uye hydroxyethyl-based phenolic pyrodhenol musanganiswa (HQEE-L), Hydroxyethylhhexybenol musanganiswa (HER-L), nezvimwewo. inonyanya kushandiswa ku polyurethane zvinhu zveMDI process system, iyo isiri-chepfu uye kusvibiswa-mhando cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri.Kutarisisa kwemaitiro ekushandisa uye kuvandudzwa kwezvakanyanya zvigadzirwa ndezvizvi:
HQEE cheni yekuwedzera mumiririri ndeye molecular chimiro symmetrical inonhuhwirira diol yekuwedzera mumiriri.Icho chimedu chakasimba, chisina-chepfu, kusvibiswa-kusina, uye kushatirisa.Iyo ine kuenderana kwakanaka neMDI uye inogona kunyatso kuwedzera hupenyu hwezvinhu.Xiangyuan Zvishandiso Zvitsva yakagadzira HQEE, HER, Xylink HQEE-L, Xylinkher-L yakatevedzana ketani yekuwedzera vamiririri.Hunhu hwakakwirira kudarika zvigadzirwa zvakafanana kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, uye zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika.
2.3 Mamwe anonhuwirira cheni yekuwedzera maajenti ane yakakosha kuita
Nekusimuka kweminda iri kusimukira yepolyurethane, mitsva yekuwedzera ye polyurethane uye tekinoroji yekushandisa zvakaramba zvichisimudzirwa kuti zvizadzise kudiwa kwemusika wepolyurethane.Mabhizinesi ekugadzira akagadzira akasiyana akakosha ekuita anonhuwirira cheni yekuwedzera vamiririri.
Tianmen Winterine (DMD230) ndeyekuwedzera kweketani ine maviri danda amin amino-isina, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzirira isina solvent kana yakakwirira-yakasimba yemukati machira.Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa kupfapfaidza polyettes, chigadzirwa chine mhinduro ine mwero, kushanda kwakanaka kwekushanda, kuita kwakanaka kwekuvaka, uye kuita kwakanakisa kwechigadzirwa.Iine gloss yakanaka uye inooneka mhedzisiro ine polycoges mukugadzirira kwemafuta chloride polycisotripocyanate, yakanaka flexibility uye mechanical properties, yellow-resistant yellow changes, good corrosion resistance, good weather resistance, uye kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu.Pamusoro pemabhiriji, tunnels, uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana epasi uye zviratidzo zvemugwagwa, inogonawo kushandiswa mune yakakwirira-yekupedzisira maapplication senge ekudzivirira machira uye helikopta inoumbwa nematehwe machira emagetsi emagetsi.Kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri uye kusimudzirwa kwechigadzirwa ichi kuchabatsira yakakwirira-yemhando yekusimudzira yejasi.
Kupararira (311) kweanonhuhwirira diharamine uye sodium chloride makomisheni (311) imhando yeshamwari yeanonhuwirira diharamine uye inorganic munyu.Inogona kufananidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana dze polyurethane pre-polystants pakupisa kwekamuri.Inonyanya kukodzera maumbirwo akaoma kana makuru.Zvigadzirwa zvemunzvimbo, microwave vulcanization, uye dzimwe nguva dzinoda nguva yakareba yekushanda, zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa seanorapa epoxy resin.Zvigadzirwa zvakafanana zvinosanganisira Caytur 31DA muUnited States, Xylink 311, Xiangyuan New Materials.
Mamwe ma submarine anorapa maajenti akadai se oxidazole, ketone amine, nezvimwe zvinogona kuderedza mukana wekuputira kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa kugadzira mabhuru mukirasi yepakati yekurapa, uye zvakare ine nzvimbo yekusimudzira.
三、Mamiriro ekusimudzira e polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera vamiririri
Indasitiri yekuwedzera yepolyurethane yenyika yangu ine hwaro husina kusimba hwekusimudzira.Mumazuva ekutanga, musika wepamu polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera musika wagara uchingogadziriswa nemabhizinesi emarudzi akawanda.Kubva kupinda muzana rino remakore, boka remunharaunda polyurethane cheni kuwedzera makambani anomiririrwa Xiangyuan New Materials vakabudirira kuputsa monopolies ekunze mushure memakore eR & D uye tekinoroji kuunganidza.Zvimwe zvenyika yangu zve polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera zvigadzirwa zvasvika padanho rezvigadzirwa zvepasi rose zvakafanana.
Seyakanyanya kuwanda amine polyurethane yekuwedzera mumiriri, maitiro ekugadzira eMOCA akura, akagadzikana, ari pakati nepakati, uye akakodzera mukupindura.Mundima yekudururira muviri wakanyunguduka muzasi maapplication, kunyanya iyo TDI system, huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane zvakaunganidza huwandu hukuru hwemafomula ezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane mature formula Essence MOCA kugadzikana uye kushanda kwakaedzwa mushure memakore mazhinji emusika uye mutengi. tsika.Mari yacho yakati wandei.Mushure memakore ekushandiswa, imwe nzira yekudzivirira yakaumbwa.Iyo ine basa risingadzoreki, uye nzvimbo yekushandisa iri kuramba ichiwedzera.
IEuropean Chemical Administration, sesangano rinotarisira EU Reach certification, yakabudisa mushumo musi waNovember 30, 2017. Mushure mekuenzanisa njodzi dzekuchengetedza, kushanda, uye mutengo wemitengo, yakaronga kuti mumunda we polyurethane elastic body, MOCA's product quality. Kuita, kudhura-kushanda uye zvimwe zvakanakira zvakatanhamara, uye parizvino hapana dzimwe nzira.
Indasitiri yekuwedzera yeChinese polyurethane yakatanga kunonoka.Mumazuva ekutanga, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera dhizaini tekinoroji nhanho, isina simba inotsigira mbishi, uye isina kukwana R & D matarenda, yepamba polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera musika wakave wega kumabhizinesi emarudzi akawanda.Kusvika kuma1990, vagadziri vakati wandei vepamba polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera vagadziri vakabudirira kutyora tekinoroji yekune dzimwe nyika mushure memakore eR & D uye kuunganidzwa kwehunyanzvi, uye kuita kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera agent yakasvika padanho rezvigadzirwa zvepasi rose zvakafanana.Kunyanya, zvinhu zvitsva zveXiangyuan zvakatungamira mukuvaka 10,000 -ton -level inoenderera MOCA yekugadzira mudziyo.Hunhu hwechigadzirwa uye tekinoroji level yakasvika padanho repamusoro uye repamusoro repasi rose.Parizvino, vagadziri veMOCA vepamba vakakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemahara ionamine.Iyo granular MOCA uye yakakwirira -temperature yero -inoshandura MOCA muMOCA akateedzana zvigadzirwa zvinofarirwa neindasitiri yepolyurethane.
Iyo "Gumi Nemashanu-Makore Chirongwa che" Gumi neMashanu-Makore Plan "yeindasitiri yepolyurethane inokurudzira kuti pamusoro pekuwedzera chiyero chekugadzira chemhando yepamusoro chekuwedzera cheni MOCA, kusimudzirwa uye kushandiswa kwevatsva chain ekuwedzera vamiririri MCDEA, E-100. , HER, HQEE uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinofanira kuwedzerwa.Kubva pane zvigadzirwa zveMOCA zvakatevedzana, nekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvepolyurethane uye zvigadzirwa, zvimwe zvitsva zvekuwedzera cheni zvigadzirwa zvakabudawo, zvichigadzira dhizaini yakasiyaniswa neMOCA zvigadzirwa.
Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekutsvagisa nekusimudzira, zvigadzirwa zvitsva zveakakwira-performance inonhuhwirira cheni yekuwedzera maajenti ane zvakanakira pakupindura kumhanya, kupisa kwakanyanya kuramba, kushanda, kuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.Iyo application yakura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye huwandu hwekushandisa hunoramba huchiwedzera.Semuyenzaniso, P-1000, P650, P250, 740M, nokuda kwayo girinhi, zvakatipoteredza noushamwari, asiri chepfu hunhu, zvishoma nezvishoma akavhura musika chikumbiro mundima dzakawanda.Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuvandudzwa uye kukura kweMDI system inowirirana nemhoteredzo, kushandiswa kwechiyero chepamusoro-chinoita chinonhuwira diol dilateral dilation agents seHQEE neHER pamwe nekubatana zviri nani uye inoenderana neMDI system yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, ichipa polyurethane elasticity. kunaka kwemuviri kwakanakisa Kuita kwakananga kwakafanana nekupisa kupisa uye kubvarura simba.Pamusoro pekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekudururira, inogona zvakare kugadzira yakakwira -performance thermoplastic elastomic zvigadzirwa, izvo zvinogona kudzikiswa.Munzvimbo dzekushandisa dzine hunyanzvi hwekuita zvinodiwa zve polyurethane zvinhu munyika dzakabudirira uye zvimwe zvinhu zve polyurethane, macheni ekuwedzera maajenti akadai se740m, HQEE, HER ari kudzika kunyorera.Iyo itsva cheni yekuwedzera mumiriri yakasiyanisa mabhenefiti mune chaiyo segmentation, uye tekinoroji chikumbaridzo chakakwira.Parizvino, musika wepamba uchiri muchikamu chekusimudzira application.
四、 Iyo yekuvandudza maitiro e polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera indasitiri
Indasitiri yepolyurethane muNorth America neWestern Europe yakaunganidza makumi emakore ebudiriro.Iyo indasitiri ine simba rakasimba rehunyanzvi muindastiri, uye musika wakakura.Panguva imwecheteyo, vatengi vari munzvimbo idzi vane hunyanzvi hwekuita zvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane, uye kudiwa kwemaketani ekuwedzera ekuwedzera anokurumidza kupfuura MOCA.Parizvino, nyika dzakasimukira dzakaita seEurope neUnited States dzinotora chikamu chikuru chekudiwa kwevamiriri vatsva vekuwedzera.
Kushandiswa kukuru kwepolyurethane mudunhu reAsia -Pacific nedzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira kuri kuita simba guru rekufambisa kwepasi rose polyurethane kudiwa.Pakati pavo, nzvimbo yeAsia-Pacific yatova musika mukuru wepasi rose wepolyurethane wevatengi, uchiverengera nezve 48% yemugove wemusika wepasi rose;dzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzakaita seIndia, Brazil, Mexico, nezvimwewo, kudiwa kwepolyurethane muzvivakwa, zvekuvakisa, midziyo yemumba nemamwe maindasitiri kuri kuwedzerawo.Zvakadaro, zvichienzaniswa nenyika dzakabudirira muEurope neUnited States, mamwe ematunhu aya mumatunhu aya achiri mudanho rekutanga rekusimudzira maindasitiri.Ivo vane hanya zvakanyanya nemutengo wezvigadzirwa muindasitiri yepolyurethane uye vanobhadhara zvakanyanya kumutengo uye mutengo wekuita.Mune ramangwana, mune ramangwana, nzvimbo iyi icharamba ichichengetedza kudiwa kwepamusoro-mutengo weMOCAs.
Parizvino, makambani makuru epasi rose makuru e polyurethane ekuwedzera, akadai seKazaka Kagosan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd., United States Air Chemical (Winchuang acquisition muna 2016), uye United States Coco (yakawanikwa naLangsheng muna 2017), nezvimwe. ., yakatonga pasirese Mazhinji emusika wekugovanisa macheni ekuwedzera vamiririri, mamwe makambani madiki asina kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri -yunivhesiti -research system yakabviswa nekukanganisa kwemhando yechigadzirwa uye mutengo, uye kusungirirwa kweketani. indasitiri yekuwedzera yakawedzera.Panguva imwecheteyo, makambani makuru anovimbawo nesimba rakasimba remari uye tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira kumashure kuti awedzere hunyanzvi zvigadzirwa uye chiyero chekugadzira chigadzirwa, uye kumisikidza transnational monopoly hombe-chikero mabhesi ekugadzira uye kutengesa uye R & D nzvimbo munzvimbo dzine zvakanakisa zviwanikwa, misika, uye mamiriro evashandi.
5. Chimiro chezvino uye nzira yekusimudzira ye polyurethane kuwedzera vamiririri
Sechinhu chakakosha chekuwedzera kune polyurethane zvinhu, polyurethane ekuwedzera maajenti anonyanya kushandiswa muCASE system (kusanganisira coatings, adhesives, sealing uye elastic miviri) mu polyurethane zvinhu.Pakati pazvo, polyurethane elastic body ndeye polymer synthetic zvinhu pakati peyakajairwa rabha nepurasitiki.Iyo ine zvese zvakakwirira elasticity yerabha uye kuomarara kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwepurasitiki.5 kusvika ku10 nguva), ine mukurumbira we "mambo wekupfeka-resistant rabha" uye ine simba rakanaka remuchina, mafuta anopokana, makemikari anopokana, kuchinjika kuramba uye yakanyanya kuderera tembiricha kuramba uye kushanda kwekudzivirira.Kuwedzera kune yakajairwa kudira mhando uye thermoplastic polyurethane elastic muviri, polyurethane elastic muviri zvinhu zvinosanganisira zvinonamira, machira, chisimbiso, paving zvinhu, chete, synthetic dehwe, fiber, nezvimwe zvinova elastic polyurethane zvinhu.Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kweiyo tekinoroji level, polyurethane elasticity yakatsiviwa murabha, mapurasitiki, uye simbi munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzakadai semotokari, migodhi, kudhinda, midziyo, kugadzira michina, mitambo, uye zvekufambisa.
Zvinoenderana nenhamba kubva kumasangano akakodzera, kudyiwa kweChinese polyurethane CASE (elastic body, coatings, synthetic dehwe, sealing and adhesives) muna 2021 yaive 7.77 miriyoni matani, uye avhareji yegore yekukura kwe11.5% muna 2016-2021 yaive 11.5%.
The elasticity of Chinese polyurethane muna 2016 aiva 925,000 matani, uye goho muna 2021 akasvika miriyoni 1.5 matani, pamwe komboni pagore kukura mwero 10.2%;muvhareji wepagore wekukura kwekushandisa kwaiva 12.5%.Zvinofungidzirwa kuti panosvika 2025, nyika yangu polyurethane elastic body inobuda ichasvika 2.059 miriyoni matani, iyo ichange ichiri mukukurumidza kusimudzira maitiro.
Pasi rose, kuburitswa kwepasi rose kwe polyurethane elastomers kwakasvika 2.52 miriyoni matani muna 2016 uye 3.539 miriyoni matani muna 2021, paine gore negore kukura kwechikamu che7.0%.Pakazosvika 2025, kugadzirwa kwepasi rose kwe polyurethane elastomer kunotarisirwa kusvika matani 4.495 miriyoni, zvichiratidza kukurumidza uye kwakadzikama budiriro.
Iyo thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) ine yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba.Simba rayo rekusimba rakakwirira, rakarebesa, rinopesana nemafuta, kushomeka kwekushisa, kuramba kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kuramba kwe ozone kwakakurumbira, uye huwandu hwekuoma hwakakura.Mumakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kwemusika kweTPU kwakawedzera kubva kuindasitiri yeshangu kuenda kumisika yepamusoro-yekupedzisira senge mishonga, ndege, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu, kubva muna 2014 kusvika 2021, avhareji yegore rekukura kwekukura kweTPU kugadzirwa muChina yakakwira kusvika 14.5%.Muna 2021, nyika yangu TPU yakabuda yaive ingangoita mazana matanhatu nemakumi mana neshanu matani.nyika yangu yave nyika huru yekugadzira TPU.Kuburitsa uye net ekisipoti vhoriyamu yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore achangopfuura.
Kubva pamaonero ekuda, musika wepasi rose weTPU parizvino wakatarisana muEurope, United States, uye Asia-Pacific matunhu.Pakati pavo, nzvimbo yeAsia inotungamirwa neChina ndiyo inokurumidza musika wedunhu mukushandiswa kweTPU yepasirese.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hweElastic Special Committee yeChina Polyurethane Industry Association, kushandiswa kwese kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane munyika yangu muna 2018 kwakasvika 11.3 miriyoni matani, uko kushandiswa kwepolyurethane elastomers (TPU + CPU) kwaisvika miriyoni imwe chete. .
TPU ichiri chimwe chezvigadzirwa nekukurumidza kukura mu polyurethane munguva pfupi iri kutevera.nyika yangu yave nyika yakakura kwazvo yeTPU yevatengi.Zvinoenderana nenhamba, avhareji yegore negore yekukura kwekukura kwekushandisa kweChina TPU muna 2017-2021 yaive yakakwira kusvika 12.9%, iyo iyo yakazara kushandiswa muna 2021 yaive 602,000 matani, kuwedzera kwe11.6% gore-pa-gore.Zvichienderana neiyo TPU yepasi rose yakabuda yematani miriyoni 1.09 muna 2021, kushandiswa kweTPU yemumba kwakapfuura hafu yenyika.Mune ramangwana, zvinodiwa zvezvishandiso zveshangu, firimu, mapaipi, uye waya zvichave zvakanyanya.Mumunda wemidziyo yekurapa, waya dzetambo, uye firimu, ichawedzera kutsiva zvechinyakare PVC zvinhu.Izvo zvinokwanisika kutsiva EVA mumunda weshangu zvinhu.Zvinotarisirwa kuti TPU icharamba iri gumi mune ramangwana 10 10 %Kana mamwe kukura maitiro.Zvinotarisirwa kuti kushandiswa kwayo kuchasvika 900,000 matani panosvika 2026.
Nekuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kwechiyero chekugadzira, mutengo we polyurethane elastic zvigadzirwa wakadzikira, zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana, kudiwa kwemusika kwave nani, uye budiriro yemaindasitiri inokurumidza.Munguva ye "Fourteen Five -Year Plan" nguva, iyo Case industry inofanira kusimudzira zvakasimba kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa mugwara remvura-yakatarisana, isina solvent, uye yakakwirira -solid content;kuwedzera kukura kweCASE uye kugadzira tekinoroji kusimudzira kweiyo basic raw material chimiro, ichitarisa pamvura yepolytianmen -to -pyrodramine polyphonus Application;tarisa pakuita mvura-based basic theory uye engineering tekinoroji yekutsvaga;kunatsiridza mashandiro echigadzirwa, gadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva, wedzera nzvimbo yekunyorera, uye kusimudzira kuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvitsva mukuvakwa kwenjanji, mugwagwa mukuru, mugero wemabhiriji, kufambiswa kwemagetsi, nezvimwe. Uye kushandiswa kwenzvimbo yekurapa;kusimudzira kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi kwe polyurethane adhesives ye zero formaldehyde kuwedzera mahwendefa ekugadzira;gadzira zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinoshanda, uye zvakakosha-yakawedzerwa zvigadzirwa zveammonia;simbisa iyo yekutsvagisa uye yekushandisa tekinoroji ye polyurethane isingapindi mvura chimiro, kuita, kusimba kwenguva yenguva;Kurudzira kushandiswa kwe polyurethane zvinhu muzvivako zvakagadzirirwa.
Iyo mikuru yekuvandudza nzira ye elastomer munda ndeiyi:
Polyurethane elastomers yemotokari.Indasitiri yemazuva ano yemotokari iri kusimukira yakanangana nekuita kwepamusoro, mhando yepamusoro, huremu huremu, kunyaradza uye kuchengeteka.Rubber uye mapurasitiki ekugadzira zvinhu zviri kutsiva simbi zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinovhura tarisiro yakafara kwazvo yekushandiswa kwepolyurethane elastomers.
Polyurethane elastomers yekuvaka.Iyo yechinyakare asphalt yakanzwa isina mvura zvinhu yakatsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekugara, yakakosha kuvaka polyurethane isina mvura zvinhu;Iko kushandiswa kwe polyurethane sports track kuri kuwedzera uye zvakanyanya.Majoini ekuwedzera emaBridges akakura, anorara njanji inomhanya-mhanya, mugwagwa wenhandare yendege uye mugwagwa mukuru unogadzirwawo zvishoma nezvishoma nePVC elastomer yakasimbiswa pakupisa kwekamuri.
Polyurethane elastomer yekushandiswa kwangu.Pane kudiwa kukuru kwezvinhu zvisiri-metallic zvine kukwirira kupfeka-resisting, simba rakakura uye elasticity mumigodhi yemarasha, simbi uye isiri-simbi migodhi.
Polyurethane elastomer yeshangu.Polychloride ester elasticity ine mabhenefiti ekuita kwakanaka kwebuffering, huremu huremu, kupfeka kuramba, skid resistance, zvichingodaro, yave chinhu chakakosha chinotsigira muindasitiri yeshangu.
Polyurethane elastomer yekushandiswa kwekurapa.Yakanaka biocompatibility, kuenderana kweropa uye hapana zvekuwedzera zvikonzero zvakakosha zvekushandiswa kweTPU neCPU zvinhu mumunda wekurapa.Kushandiswa kwaro mumunda wezvokurapa uye hutano hwakafara zvikuru.
New polyurethane composite sheet.Composite zvinhu tekinoroji inotarisirwa kuunza nguva nyowani yemusika yekuputika kwe polyurethane elastomers.
六、Polyurethane cheni yekuwedzera indasitiri "14th Five -Year Plan" maitiro ekusimudzira
Kubva pamaonero epasirese, kukurumidza kusimukira kwenzvimbo yekuvaka, indasitiri yemotokari, midziyo yehungwaru yemagetsi, maindasitiri ezvesimba idzva nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwafambisa zvakanyanya kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane.Hofori dzepasi rose dze polyurethane dzinoramba dzichivandudza tekinoroji nekushandisa, uye dzichaenderera mberi nekusimudzira kusimudzira nekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva zve polyurethane.Nekuwedzera kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane mumunda uye chiyero chemusika wepasi pekupedzisira, kudiwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane kunosimudzira kuenderera mberi nekuvandudzwa kwe polyurethane chain agents.
Mumakore gumi anotevera, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane mune dzimwe nzvimbo dze niche kuchakurawo nekukurumidza.Nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzinoongorora kuti kudiwa kwepasi rose kwe polyurethane kuchawedzera pamwero we4.5% pagore.Pakati pavo, avhareji yegore rekukura kweyero ye polyurethane kudiwa inofungidzirwa kuva 5.7% muminda yefiriji, shangu, machira, nhandaro nemimwe minda.Kudiwa mumunda wechigadzirwa kwakawedzera zvishoma, uye inotarisirwa kunge iri 3.3% pagore.Nyika dzichiri kusimukira mudunhu reAsia -Pacific dzakatsigirwa nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekuwedzera maapplications ezasi, uye kudiwa kwema polyurethanes kuchasvika pakukura kwenhamba mbiri gore rega rega.
Sechinhu chakakosha mbishi yeindasitiri yepolyurethane, nyika yangu yepolurethane yekuwedzera indasitiri inofanirwa kuita isingazungunuke pfungwa nyowani yekuvandudza.Pazasi, dingindira rekusimudzira budiriro yemhando yepamusoro yeindasitiri yepolyurethane, negwara rekusimudzira indasitiri yepolyurethane kuti ikurumidze kuvakwa kwemhando itsva yebudiriro ye “dual-cycle”, ichitarisa kune green, low-carbon, uye digital. shanduko., Kurumidza kuvakwa kwehurongwa hwemazuva ano hwemaindasitiri, kusimudzira "kuperevedza" kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, "tora yakakwirira-yekupedzisira" tekinoroji yakakosha, "vhura mugwagwa mutsva" mune zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare, uye kusimudzira nyika yangu kuti ifambe kubva ku polyurethane kuenda kune nyika yakasimba.
Parizvino, polyurethane cheni extender yave imwe yeinodiwa polyurethane mbishi yemapurojekiti makuru enyika.Iyo polyurethane chain extender indasitiri iri kuwedzera innovation investimendi, kusimudzira munzira yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushanda kwepamusoro uye mhando yepamusoro.Kutarisa pane zvinodikanwa zveaerospace, ruzivo rwemagetsi, simba idzva, mota, njanji inomhanya, njanji yekufambisa, migwagwa mikuru, maBridges makuru, hutano uye maindasitiri edziviriro yenyika, shanduko uye kushandiswa kweiyo polyurethane chain extender tekinoroji kubudirira zvinokurumidza kuvandudza chiyero chekusimudzira cheindasitiri yepolyurethane.
Iyo nzira yekusimudzira ye polyurethane chain extender indasitiri ndeyekugadzira yepamusoro-mhando, yakasvibira cheni extender zvigadzirwa zvine kuwedzera kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.Haisi chete yakachena uye isina kusvibiswa-isina mukugadzira maitiro, asiwo yakachengeteka uye yakasvibira mukushandiswa kwekusimudzira girinhi ye polyurethane zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira maitiro.Chechipiri, kuwedzera kuwedzera kushandiswa iripo cheni extender zvigadzirwa, kuitira kuti iripo nyanzvi cheni extender izere itsva chikumbiro simba.Iyo tekinoroji nhanho yemamwe edzimba polyurethane chain extender mabhizinesi akaenzana neaya emakambani emarudzi akawanda, asi kumwe kutsvagisa kwekushandisa kunodiwa kuti vashandisi vakawanda vaone hukuru hwezvigadzirwa, kunyanya kusimudzira zvigadzirwa zvemadhiamine zvinonhuhwirira zvine mashandiro ari nyore uye kuita kwakanaka, uye kushandisa synergistic mhedzisiro yeketani extender kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kushandiswa uye mutengo.Yechitatu ndeyekuenderera mberi nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pamusika, kupa zvakanyanya kwakakodzera uye zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zveindasitiri yepolyurethane, kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemusika wepasi uye kuwedzera huwandu hwekushandisa.
Kune polyurethane elastic zvinhu, chain extender yakakosha uye yakakosha yekuwedzera ine yakakura uye yakakwirira yakawedzera kukosha, iyo yakakosha zvikuru pakuvandudza kuita kwechigadzirwa.Mukuwedzera, mune zvimwe zvinhu zvepolyurethane uye kunyange mapurasitiki efuro, polyurethane chain extender ine mhedzisiro iri pachena pakuvandudzwa kwekuita kwechigadzirwa.Muindasitiri yepolyurethane, polyurethane chain extender nzvimbo yemusika yakakura.Kuti usimudzire uye utungamirire kusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro yeindasitiri yepolyurethane, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa tsvakiridzo yekushandisa uye kusimudzirwa kwe polyurethane chain extender, uye kukudziridza zviri nani uye zvakawanda zvakasiyana zve polyurethane cheni extender pasi pechisimbiso chekuteerera hutano, simba. kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushanda kwekushandisa, kuitira kuti uite mupiro mukuru kune hupenyu huri nani hwevanhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-08-2023