Sechinhu chakakosha che organic intermediate uye solvent chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemakemikari, cyclohexanone inonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai se resin, coating uye chemical fiber. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwekubvira moto, kusagadzikana uye kushatirwa, mibvunzo yakasiyana-siyana inowanzo muka panguva yekugadzirwa kwayo, kuchengetwa kwayo, kutakurwa kwayo uye kushandiswa kwayo. Pepa iri rinogadzirisa mibvunzo yeindasitiri inowanzo shandiswa kakawanda uye rinopa mhinduro dzehunyanzvi zvichibva pahunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari pamwe netsanangudzo dzekuchengetedza, richipa mareferensi anoshanda kune vanyanzvi vakakodzera.
1. Hunhu Hwekutanga hweCyclohexanone neMakemikoro
Cyclohexanone (CAS: 108-94-1) ine fomura yemamorekuru yeC₆H₁₀O. Pasi pekupisa kwakajairika uye kumanikidzwa, imvura isina ruvara kusvika yero yakajeka ine hwema hunotapira hwakafanana nemint ne camphor, izvo zvinogumbura kana paine huwandu hwakawanda. Ine parameters dzakagadzikana dzemuviri nemakemikari: nzvimbo yekunyunguduka ye -45°C, nzvimbo yekufashaira ye155.6°C, uye density ye0.9478 g/cm³ pa20°C. Sezvo yakareruka kupfuura mvura, inoyangarara pamusoro pemvura kana ikadonha. Inonyunguduka zvishoma mumvura, cyclohexanone inogona kusanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda zve organic zvakaita se ethanol, ether ne benzene. Ne closed-cup flash point ye46°C, inoiswa muchikamu cheClass B chinobvira moto. Utsi hwayo hunogona kugadzira musanganiswa unoputika nemhepo, ne vhoriyamu yekuputika ye1.1%–9.4%. Inowanzo tsva uye kuputika kana ikasangana nemoto wakavhurika, tembiricha yakakwira uye ine ma oxidant akasimba.
2. Mashandisirwo Akakosha eCyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone chinhu chakakosha mukugadzira makemikari akanaka uye ine mashandisirwo akawanda. Kushandiswa kwayo kukuru kugadzira caprolactam neadipic acid, izvo zvinogadziriswazve kugadzira nylon 6, nylon 66 nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikoro fiber, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yemachira nemakemikari fiber. Panguva iyi, inoshanda semushonga wepamusoro-soro weindasitiri une kunyungudika kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvepolymer zvinosanganisira polyurethane, epoxy resin uye acrylic resin, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira machira, inki, manamatisi uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirisa dehwe. Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kushandiswa mukugadzira rabha antioxidants, organic synthesis auxiliaries uye pharmaceutical intermediates, uye inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mapurasitiki nekuchenesa simbi.
3. Njodzi dzeCyclohexanone kuHutano hweVanhu
Cyclohexanone ine chepfu uye inotsamwisa, uye inogona kupinda mumuviri wemunhu kuburikidza nekufema, kubata ganda uye kunwa nemuromo. Kugara kwenguva refu uchishandisa cyclohexanone isina kuzara zvakanyanya kuchatsamwisa maziso, mhino nepahuro, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekutsemuka, kukosora uye pahuro kuoma. Kubata ganda kwenguva refu kuchakanganisa mafuta eganda, zvichikonzera kuoma, kukwenya, kutsemuka uye dermatitis. Kufema vapor ine kuzara kwakanyanya kunodzivirira sisitimu yetsinga, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvekunzwa kurwadziwa zvakaita sedzungu, kuda kurutsa, kuneta uye kurutsa, uye zviitiko zvakakomba zvinogona kusanganisira kuvhiringidzika, hypothermia uye kudedera. Kudya netsaona kuchatsamwisa nzira yekugaya uye kukanganisa mashandiro echiropa neitsvo. Muzviitiko zvebasa, huwandu hwepamusoro hunogamuchirwa panzvimbo yebasa hunodzorwa zvakanyanya pa200 mg/m³.
4. Maitiro Akajairwa Ekuchengetedza uye Kutakura Cyclohexanone
Kuti zvinhu zvichengeterwe, cyclohexanone inofanira kuchengetwa mudura remakemikari rakakosha rinotonhorera, rakaoma uye rine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka, kure nemoto nenzvimbo dzinopisa. Tembiricha yekuchengetera haifanirwe kudarika 30°C, uye zuva rakananga haribvumidzwe. Midziyo inofanira kuvharwa zvakasimba kudzivirira kudonha kwemhepo uye kubuda kwemvura. Sanganisai kuchengetedza nezvinhu zvinoodza mweya, maasidhi akasimba uye mabhesi akasimba hazvibvumidzwe. Dura rinofanira kunge riine mwenje unodzivirira kuputika, nzvimbo dzekufema uye zvinodzima moto. Kuti zvinhu zvifambiswe, cyclohexanone inofanira kuendeswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvemakemikari ane njodzi anogona kupiswa nemvura. Mota dzekutakura dzinofanira kunge dziine zvitupa zvekutakura zvine njodzi uye dzive nemidziyo inorwisa static, midziyo yekudzivirira moto uye zvinhu zvekudzivirira nekukurumidza. Panguva yekufambisa, kuratidzwa nezuva, kurovera kwakanyanya uye kurovera kunofanira kudzivirirwa. Sanganisai kutakurwa nechikafu nezvinhu zvinoodza mweya hazvibvumidzwe. Kutakura nekuburitsa zvinhu kunofanira kuitwa zvinyoro-nyoro kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura.
5. Kurapa Nekukurumidza Kwekubuda KweCyclohexanone Uye Kusangana Nevanhu
Kana ganda rabatwa, bvisa mbatya dzine utachiona nekukasika wosuka ganda rakabatwa nemvura yakachena yakawanda inoyerera kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Kana wabatwa mumaziso, bata maziso ako wobva wageza maziso ako nemvura yakachena kana saline usati watanga kurapwa nenguva. Kana wabatwa nemweya, kurumidza kubva panzvimbo ine utachiona woenda kumhepo itsva. Ipa rubatsiro rweokisijeni kana uine dambudziko rekufema, uye kufema nemweya wekugadzira nekukurumidza kuti urege kufema usati wabatwa nechirwere. Kana wabatwa nemhepo, bvisa vashandi vasina basa nekukurumidza, bvisa nzvimbo ine mvura inobuda uye bvisa zvese zvinodzima moto kudzivirira moto wakazaruka nemagetsi asingachinji. Kubuda kwemvura munzvimbo diki kunogona kunamirwa nejecha kana activated carbon. Kana paine mvura yakawanda inobuda, gadzira madhishi ekudzivirira, unganidza mvura inobuda kuti idzorerwe kana kuiendesa kumasangano ehunyanzvi kuti iraswe. Kubuda zvakananga mumvura nemumapombi emvura hakubvumidzwe zvachose.
6. Kuchenjerera pakushanda kweCyclohexanone zuva nezuva
Vashandi vanofanira kudzidziswa nehunyanzvi uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa pakushanda. Midziyo yekudzivirira inosanganisira magogorosi, magirovhosi erabha asinganyungudike uye masks egasi inofanira kupfekwa panguva yese yekushanda. Nzvimbo yekuvhiyira inofanira kuchengetedza mhepo yakakwana, uye kusvuta, kudya nekunwa zvinorambidzwa kubvisa njodzi dzinogona kuitika pamoto. Midziyo yese yekugadzira inofanira kushanda yakavharwa, uye mapaipi nemavharuvhu zvinofanira kuongororwa nguva nenguva kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura. Mushure mekushanda, vashandi vanofanira kugeza maoko nekumeso zvakanaka uye kuchinja mbatya dzebasa, uye havafaniri kupfeka mbatya dzebasa dzine tsvina munzvimbo dzekugara. Pamusoro pezvo, zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvinofanira kuiswa munzvimbo yekuvhiyira, zvine nzvimbo dzekugezesa nekukurumidzira nemidziyo yekudzima moto, uye kudzidzira kwekukurumidzira nguva dzose kunofanira kuitwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-25-2026