Kusimbisa mitemo yepasi rose yezvakatipoteredza kuri kuchinja mamiriro eindasitiri yeperchloroethylene (PCE). Matanho ekutonga mumisika mikuru inosanganisira China, US, neEU ari kushandisa kudzora kwakazara kwekugadzira, kushandisa, uye kurasa, zvichitungamira indasitiri iyi kuburikidza nekuchinja kukuru mukugadziriswazve kwemitengo, kusimudzira tekinoroji, uye kusiyanisa misika.
Nguva yakajeka yekudzora yakagadzwa padanho remutemo. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yakaburitsa mutemo wekupedzisira pakupera kwa2024, ichiraira kurambidzwa zvachose kushandiswa kwePCE mukuchenesa kwakaomeswa mushure meZvita 2034. Midziyo yekuchenesa yakaomeswa yekare yechizvarwa chechitatu ichabviswa kubva muna 2027, NASA chete ichizorega kushandiswa kwekukurumidza. Mitemo yemumba yakagadziridzwa pamwe chete: PCE inorongwa semarara ane njodzi (HW41), neavhareji yemaawa masere ekudyara mukati memba yakaganhurirwa ku0.12mg/m³. Maguta gumi nemashanu akakosha anosanganisira Beijing neShanghai achashandisa mitemo yakaoma yeVOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) muna 2025, ichida kuti chigadzirwa chive ≤50ppm.
Mitemo yakawedzera zvakananga mari yekutevedzera mitemo yemakambani. Vagadziri vemadhiri vanofanira kutsiva michina yakavhurika, nemari yekugadzirisa chitoro chimwe chete inotangira pa50,000 kusvika ku100,000 yuan; makambani asingateereri mitemo anotarisana nefaindi ye200,000 yuan uye njodzi dzekuvharwa. Makambani ekugadzira anorayirwa kuisa zvishandiso zvekutarisa zveVOCs panguva chaiyo, nekudyara kumwe chete kunodarika miriyoni imwe yuan, uye mari yekutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza ikozvino inodarika 15% yemari yese. Mari yekurasa marara yakawedzera: muripo wekurasa wePCE yakashandiswa unosvika 8,000 kusvika 12,000 yuan patani, yakapetwa ka5-8 pane marara akajairwa. Nzvimbo dzekugadzira dzakadai seShandong dzakaisa mari yekuwedzera yemitengo yemagetsi kumakambani asingakwanise kuzadzisa mitemo yekushandiswa kwesimba zvakanaka.
Maumbirwo emaindasitiri ari kukurumidza kusiyanisa zvinhu, nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kuri kuva chinhu chakakosha pakurarama. Parutivi rwekugadzira, matekinoroji akadai sekupatsanurwa kwemembrane uye catalysis yepamusoro akawedzera kuchena kwechigadzirwa kusvika pamusoro pe99.9% ukuwo achideredza kushandiswa kwesimba ne30%. Makambani anotungamira mutekinoroji ane purofiti yepamusoro ye12-15 muzana kupfuura mamwe ekare. Chikamu chekushandisa chinoratidza maitiro e "kuchengetedza kwepamusoro, kubuda kwepasi": 38% yezvitoro zvidiki nepakati zvekuchenesa dry cleaners zvakabviswa nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwemitengo, nepo mabhurugwa akaita seWeishi akawana mukana kuburikidza nemasisitimu ekugadzirisa akabatanidzwa. Panguva iyi, minda yepamusoro senge kugadzira zvemagetsi uye maelectrolyte matsva esimba inochengetedza 30% yemugove wemusika nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvekushanda.
Kutengeswa kwemamwe matekinoroji kuri kuwedzera, zvichiwedzera kudzvanya musika wekare. Zvinonyungudutsa zvehydrocarbon, zvine mutengo wepakati wekugadzirisa we50,000 kusvika 80,000 yuan, zvakawana mugove wemusika we25% muna 2025 uye zvinokodzera rubatsiro rwehurumende rwe20-30%. Pasinei nekudyara kwakawanda kwemidziyo ye800,000 yuan payuniti imwe neimwe, mvura yeCO₂ dry cleaning yakaona kukura kwegore negore kwe25% nekuda kwekusasvibisa zvachose. Oiri yeD30 solvent yezvakatipoteredza inoderedza kuburitswa kweVOCs ne75% mukuchenesa kwemaindasitiri, nechiyero chemusika chinodarika mabhiriyoni mashanu yuan muna 2025.
Hukuru hwemusika uye chimiro chekutengeserana zviri kuchinja panguva imwe chete. Kudiwa kwePCE yemuno kunoderera ne8-12% pagore, neavhareji yemutengo inotarisirwa kudzikira kusvika ku4,000 yuan patani muna 2025. Zvisinei, mabhizinesi akagadzirisa mipata yemuno kuburikidza nekutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika kunyika dzeBelt and Road, nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika huchikwira ne91.32% gore negore muna Ndira-Chivabvu 2025. Zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zviri kutamisirwa kuzvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro: muhafu yekutanga ya2025, kukura kwemutengo wekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika (31.35%) kwakapfuura kukura kwehuwandu (11.11%), uye anopfuura 99% yezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro zvemagetsi zvichiri kuvimba nezvinhu zvinobva kuGermany.
Munguva pfupi, kusanganiswa kwemaindasitiri kuchawedzera; munguva yepakati nepakati, maitiro e "kuunganidzwa kwepamusoro-soro uye shanduko yegirini" achatanga. Zvinotarisirwa kuti 30% yezvitoro zvidiki nepakati zvekuchenesa doro zvichapera pakupera kwa2025, uye kugona kwekugadzira kuchaderedzwa kubva pamatani 350,000 kusvika pamatani 250,000. Makambani anotungamira achatarisa pazvigadzirwa zvine kukosha kwakanyanya zvakaita sePCE yemagetsi kuburikidza nekuvandudza tekinoroji, nehuwandu hwebhizinesi regirini rezvinwiwa zvinonyungudutsa huchiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-11-2025