Muna 2025, indasitiri yekupenda iri kukurumidza kusvika kuzvinangwa zviviri zve "kushanduka kwegirini" uye "kusimudzira mashandiro." Muminda yekupenda yepamusoro senge mota nechitima, kupfeka kwemvura kwakashanduka kubva pa "sarudzo dzakasiyana" kuenda ku "sarudzo huru" nekuda kwekushomeka kweVOC, kuchengetedzeka, uye kusakuvadza. Zvisinei, kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nemamiriro ekushandiswa akaomarara (semuenzaniso, hunyoro hwakawanda uye ngura yakasimba) uye zvinodiwa nevashandisi zvekugara kwenguva refu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekupenda, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukupenda kwemvura kwepolyurethane (WPU) kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi. Muna 2025, hunyanzvi hweindasitiri mukugadzirisa formula, kugadzirisa makemikari, uye dhizaini yekushanda zvakaisa simba idzva muchikamu ichi.
Kusimbisa Sisitimu Yekutanga: Kubva pa "Kugadzirisa Zviyero" kuenda ku "Kuenzanisa Kwekushanda"
Se "mutungamiri wekushanda" pakati pemachira ekudzivirira anogadzirwa nemvura aripo iye zvino, polyurethane ine zvikamu zviviri (WB 2K-PUR) inotarisana nedambudziko guru: kuenzanisa chiyero uye mashandiro emasisitimu epolyol. Gore rino, mapoka ekutsvagisa akaita ongororo yakadzama mumhedzisiro yekubatana kwepolyether polyol (PTMEG) uye polyester polyol (P1012).
Kare, polyester polyol inowedzera simba remakemikari uye huwandu hwemakemikari nekuda kwezvisungo zvehydrogen zvakakora, asi kuwedzera zvakanyanya kunoderedza kuramba kwemvura nekuda kwesimba remaester groups. Kuedza kwakaratidza kuti kana P1012 iine 40% (g/g) ye polyol system, "kuenzana kwegoridhe" kunowanikwa: zvisungo zvehydrogen zvinowedzera physical crosslink density pasina kuwedzera hydrophilicity, zvichiita kuti coating ishande zvakanaka—kusanganisira kuramba munyu, kuramba mvura, uye simba rekusunga. Mhedziso iyi inopa gwara rakajeka reWB 2K-PUR basic formula design, kunyanya kune zviitiko zvakaita semotokari chassis uye rail vehicle metal parts zvinoda mashandiro emakanika uye kuramba ngura.
"Kusanganisa Kuomarara uye Kuchinjika": Kugadziriswa kweMakemikoro Kunovhura Miganhu Mitsva Inoshanda
Kunyange zvazvo kugadzirisa chiyero chepakutanga kuri "kugadzirisa kwakanaka," kugadzirisa makemikari kunomiririra "kusvetuka kwemhando yepamusoro" kwepolyurethane inofambiswa nemvura. Nzira mbiri dzekugadzirisa dzakabuda pachena gore rino:
Nzira 1: Kuvandudza Kushanda pamwe chete nePolysiloxane neTerpene Derivatives
Kusanganiswa kwepolysiloxane (PMMS) ine simba shoma uye terpene derivatives dzinoita kuti WPU ive ne "superhydrophobicity + high rigidity." Vaongorori vakagadzira hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane (PMMS) vachishandisa 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane uye octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, ndokuzobatanidza isobornyl acrylate (inobva ku biomass-derived camphene) pamacheni e PMMS kuburikidza ne UV-initiated thiol-ene click reaction kuti igadzire terpene-based polysiloxane (PMMS-I).
WPU yakagadziriswa yakaratidza kuvandudzika kunoshamisa: kona yekubatana kwemvura isingachinji yakakwira kubva pa70.7° kusvika pa101.2° (inoswedera pedyo nemashizha elotus superhydrophobicity), kunyudzwa kwemvura kwakaderera kubva pa16.0% kusvika pa6.9%, uye simba rekudhonza rakawedzera kubva pa4.70MPa kusvika pa8.82MPa nekuda kwechimiro chemhete yeterpene yakasimba. Kuongorora kweThermogravimetric kwakaratidzawo kugadzikana kwekupisa kwakawedzera. Iyi tekinoroji inopa mhinduro yakabatana ye "anti-fouling + inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze" yezvikamu zvekunze zvechitima zvakaita semapaneru edenga nemasiketi epadivi.
Nzira yechipiri: Kubatanidza Polyimine Kunogonesa Tekinoroji ye "Kuzviporesa"
Kuzvirapa kwave kuri tekinoroji inozivikanwa mukupenda, uye tsvakiridzo yegore rino yakaisanganisa nekushanda kwemuchina weWPU kuti iwane budiriro mbiri mu "kushanda kwepamusoro + kugona kuzvirapa." WPU yakasanganiswa yakagadzirwa ne polybutylene glycol (PTMG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), uye polyimine (PEI) se crosslinker yakaratidza hunhu hunoshamisa hwemuchina: simba rekudhonza re17.12MPa uye kureba pakuputsika kwe512.25% (pedyo nekuchinjika kwerabha).
Chinokosha ndechekuti, inopora yoga mumaawa makumi maviri nemana pa30°C—inozokwanisa kusimba kusvika pa3.26MPa uye inoreba ne450.94% mushure mekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera zvikamu zvinokwenya mota zvakaita semabumpers emotokari uye nzvimbo dzemukati dzechitima, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa.
"Kudzora Kwakangwara kweNanoscale": "Kuchinja Kwepamusoro" Kwemachira Anodzivirira Kusvibisa
Kuchenesa zvinhu zvisina graffiti uye nyore kuchenesa ndizvo zvinodiwa zvikuru pakupfeka zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro. Gore rino, kupfeka kusingasvibisi (NP-GLIDE) kwakavakirwa pa "liquid-like PDMS nanopools" kwakakwezva kutariswa. Nheyo huru inosanganisira kuisa cheni dzemativi epolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pamusana wepolyol unopararira nemvura kuburikidza negraft copolymer polyol-g-PDMS, zvichiita kuti "nanopools" dzidiki kupfuura 30nm mudhayamita.
Kuwedzerwa kwePDMS muma nanopools aya kunoita kuti chifukidziro chive pamusoro "pemvura--zvinwiwa zvese zvinoyedzwa zvine kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pamusoro pe23mN/m (semuenzaniso, kofi, mavara emafuta) zvinotsvedza pasina kusiya mavanga. Pasinei nekuoma kwe3H (pedyo negirazi rakajairika), chifukidziro ichi chinochengetedza kushanda kwakanaka kwekudzivirira kusvibiswa.
Pamusoro pezvo, nzira ye "kuvharira muviri + kuchenesa zvinyoro nyoro" yakakurudzirwa: kuisa IPDI trimer muHDT-based polyisocyanate kuwedzera huwandu hwemafirimu nekudzivirira kupinda kwegraffiti, ukuwo ichidzora kufamba kwezvikamu zvesilicone/fluorine kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti simba repamusoro rinogara kwenguva refu. Pamwe chete neDMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) yekudzora density ye crosslink chaiyo uye XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) yekutarisa kufambiswa kweinterface, tekinoroji iyi yakagadzirira kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri uye inotarisirwa kuva chiyero chitsva chekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwependi yemotokari uye macasing ezvigadzirwa zve3C.
Mhedziso
Muna 2025, tekinoroji yeWPU coating iri kuchinja kubva pa "kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwega" kuenda ku "kubatanidzwa kwemabasa akawanda." Kungave kuburikidza nekugadzirisa formula yekutanga, kufambira mberi kwekugadzirisa makemikari, kana hunyanzvi hwekugadzira, pfungwa huru inotenderera pakubatanidza "ushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza" uye "kushanda kwepamusoro." Kune maindasitiri akadai semotokari nechitima, kufambira mberi uku kwetekinoroji hakungowedzere hupenyu hwecoating chete uye kunoderedza mari yekugadzirisa asiwo kunotungamira kukwidziridzwa kaviri mu "kugadzira green" uye "ruzivo rwepamusoro rwevashandisi."
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-14-2025