Mugadziri Mutengo Wakanaka Ammonium Chloride CAS:12125-02-9

Ammonium chloride, (yemhando yeindasitiri) Ammonium chloride (inonzi "chloramine", inozivikanwawo sejecha rehalogen, fomura yemakemikari: NH4Cl) ihupfu hwekristaro chena isina ruvara kana kristalo chena. Inonaka ine munyu uye inovava zvishoma uye ndeyemunyu une acid. Kuwanda kwayo i1.527. Inonyungudika mumvura, ethanol uye liquid ammonia asi hainyungudike muacetone ne ether. Mvura ine acidity shoma, uye acidity yayo inowedzera panguva yekupisa. Kana yapiswa kusvika 100 ° C, inotanga kuputika zvakanyanya, uye kana yapiswa kusvika 337.8 ° C, inopatsanurwa kuita ammonia nehydrogen chloride, iyo, kana yapiswa, inozobatana zvakare kugadzira zvidimbu zvidiki zveammonium chloride nehutsi huchena zvisinganyanyi kunyura uye zvakaoma kunyungudika mumvura. Kana yapiswa kusvika 350 ° C, inonyungudika uye kana yapiswa kusvika 520 ° C, inofashaira. Kunyungudika kwayo kwemvura kudiki, uye munguva yemvura inonaya inogona kunyungudutsa hunyoro kuti iite makeke. Kune simbi dzine ferrous nedzimwe simbi, inoparadza, iyo, kunyanya, ine ngura yakawanda yemhangura asi isina ngura yesimbi yenguruve. Ammonium chloride inogona kuwanikwa kubva mukuita kwe neutralization kweammonia nehydrogen chloride kana ammonia ne hydrochloric acid (reaction equation: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl). Kana yapiswa, inoora kuita hydrogen chloride uye ammonia reaction (equation: NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl) uye reaction iri kurudyi chete kana mudziyo wacho wakavhurika system.
Ammonium chloride inonyanya kushandiswa pamabhatiri akaoma, mabhatiri ekuchengetera zvinhu, ammonium salts, tanning, plating, mushonga, mapikicha, maelectrode, adhesives, nezvimwewo. Ammonium chloride ifotereza yemakemikari yenitrogen inowanikwawo ine nitrogen yakawanda iri pakati pe24% ne25%. Ifotereza ine acidic mumuviri uye yakakodzera gorosi, mupunga, chibage, mhodzi dzerape nedzimwe zvirimwa. Ine mhedzisiro yekuwedzera kuomarara kwefiber uye kusimba uye kuvandudza mhando kunyanya kune zvirimwa zvedonje nerineni. Zvisinei, nekuda kwehunhu hweammonium chloride, kana kushandiswa kwayo kusina kunaka, inounza migumisiro yakaipa kuvhu nezvirimwa.
Mamiriro ehunyanzvi: kushandiswa kwemutemo wenyika wePeople's Republic of China GB-2946-82.
1. Chitarisiko: kristaro chena
2. huwandu hweammonium chloride (hwakaoma) ≥ 99.3%
3. hunyoro ≤1.0%
4. huwandu hwesodium chloride (hwakaoma) ≤0.2%
5. huwandu hwesimbi ≤0.001%
6. huwandu hwesimbi inorema (maererano nePb) ≤0.0005%
7. mvura isinganyungudike ≤0.02%
8. huwandu hwe sulfate (maererano neSO42-) ≤0.02%
9. pH: 4.2-5.8
Ammonium chloride inoshandiswa sechinhu chinosimbisa uye sechinhu chinowedzera mu toners dzisina doro. Sekureva kwevanogadzira cosmetic, chikamu cheammonium chinopa kunzwa kwekukwenya kana kurwadza uko vamwe vanhu vanobatanidza ne toners kana aftershaves, uye izvo, muma toners akajairwa, zvinowanzo wanikwa nehuwandu hwealcohol. Kushandiswa kweammonium chloride kunokonzerwa nekufarira mukugadzirwa kwemafuta.
Ammonium Chloride chikafu chinogadzirisa mukanyiwa uye mbiriso chinowanikwa semakristaro asina ruvara kana upfu hwemakristaro machena. 30–38 g inonyungudika mumvura pa25°c. PH ye1% solution pa25°c i5.2. Inoshandiswa sekusimbisa mukanyiwa uye kuwedzera kunaka muzvingwa zvakabikwa uye senzvimbo yenitrogen yekuvirisa mbiriso. Inoshandiswawo muzvinwiwa zvinonaka uye zvinonaka. Rimwe izwi rekuti munyu ndiammonium muriate.
Makristaro machena anogadzirwa neammonia salts anoshanda pahydrochloric acid zvichiteverwa necrystallization. Ammonium chloride inozivikanwawo se sal ammoniac. Ichinyungudika mumvura nedoro, ammonium chloride yakashandiswa se halide mumabasa akawanda, anosanganisira bepa rine munyu, bepa re albumen, albumen opaltype, uye gelatin emulsion processes.